Great Ayton is a village and civil parish in the Hambleton district of North Yorkshire, England, on the edge of the North York Moors. It lies southeast of Middlesbrough and northeast of Stokesley on the border with the unitary authorities of Redcar and Cleveland and Middlesbrough. According to the 2001 census, it has a population of 4,570.
The village was the boyhood home of Captain Cook, the British explorer and navigator, who was born in nearby Marton.
The name Great Ayton derives from the Old English Ea-tun, tun meaning farm and ea meaning river. In the 18th and 19th centuries Great Ayton was a centre for the industries of weaving, tanning, brewing, and tile making: subsequently whinstone was also quarried from the Cleveland Dyke. It was home to the Great Ayton Friends' School (Quaker) from 1841 until it closed in 1997.